Evening Primrose
Oenothera biennis agg.
Tap image to enlarge · Wikimedia Commons
Overview
Evening Primrose is a North American introduction, naturalized across sandy, disturbed habitats in Britain since the 17th century. On the Sefton Coast it's common on disturbed dune ground and scrub margins. The large, bright yellow flowers open in the evening — hence the name — and are pollinated by moths including Elephant Hawkmoth, which hovers at the flowers in the dusk light. The flowers close during the day. Standing beside an Evening Primrose patch at dusk on a warm August evening as moths arrive is memorable.
At a Glance
| Order | Myrtales |
| Family | Onagraceae |
| Habitat | Disturbed sandy ground · Dune margin · Sandy roadside |
| UK population | Non-native but naturalised; common on disturbed sandy soils throughout England |
| Sefton Coast | Common on disturbed sandy ground and dune margins throughout the Sefton Coast |
| Conservation | UK Green List |
Where to See It
Disturbed sandy ground, dune edges and scrub margins at Ainsdale and Formby.
Identification
Tall biennial, to 1.5m in second year. Large, bright yellow four-petalled flowers that open in the evening. Reddish stems. Soft, slightly reddish-tinged rosette leaves in year one.
Viewing & Photography Tips
Visit a patch of Evening Primrose at dusk in August. Watch for hovering moths — Elephant Hawkmoths are attracted to the flowers. During the day the flowers are closed.
Conservation Status
UK Green List
This species has a favourable conservation status in the UK and remains an important part of Sefton Coast biodiversity.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Evening Primrose oil from this plant?
Yes. Evening Primrose oil (used in supplements and skincare) is extracted from the seeds of Oenothera biennis and related species. The oil contains gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and has been used for various health conditions, though scientific evidence for most claimed benefits is limited. The plant itself is not native to Britain — it originates from eastern North America.
Related Species
Plan your visit to the Sefton Coast
Marshside RSPB, Formby pinewoods, Ainsdale NNR — practical guides to getting there, what to bring, and the best spots for each season.