Red-throated Diver
Gavia stellata
Tap image to enlarge · Wikimedia Commons
Overview
The Red-throated Diver is the most likely diver to be seen offshore from the Sefton Coast in winter. In winter plumage, the brick-red throat of the breeding season is replaced by a pale face and neck, but the upturned bill is diagnostic. They swim low in the water, diving regularly. The most numerous diver on UK coasts in winter. On calm winter mornings, a scan from Formby Point should produce at least one or two, often more in good years.
At a Glance
| Order | Gaviiformes |
| Family | Gaviidae |
| Habitat | Open sea · Offshore coastal water |
| Diet | Fish — dives from the surface and pursues fish underwater |
| UK population | Around 1,800 breeding pairs in Scotland; winter population around 17,000 |
| Sefton Coast | Regular offshore in winter; occasional singles and small groups from the beach |
| Conservation | UK Amber List |
Where to See It
Offshore from Formby Point and Ainsdale beach. Most visible in calm, cold weather.
Identification
Slender, streamlined seabird. Winter: white face, neck and underparts; grey back with white spots. Distinctive upturned bill — unique among divers. In summer: brick-red throat, grey head. Flies low over water.
Viewing & Photography Tips
Use a telescope from Formby Point or Ainsdale on calm winter mornings. Red-throated Divers sit low and dive frequently. The pale face and upturned bill are visible at good range.
Conservation Status
UK Amber List
This species is on the UK Amber List for Birds (BoCC5), indicating moderate concern. Population monitoring and habitat management remain important for its continued recovery.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is the Red-throated Diver's bill upturned?
The slightly upturned bill of the Red-throated Diver is thought to be an adaptation for catching fast-moving fish at angles — the upward angle may help the bird strike upward at fish above it. It also serves as a good field mark, distinguishing Red-throated from the straighter-billed Great Northern and Black-throated Divers.
Related Species
Plan your visit to the Sefton Coast
Marshside RSPB, Formby pinewoods, Ainsdale NNR — practical guides to getting there, what to bring, and the best spots for each season.